Citrus

Overview

Citrus crops—including oranges, lemons, mandarins, grapefruits, and limes—are evergreen fruit trees belonging to the Rutaceae family.

They are among the most widely consumed fruits worldwide due to their refreshing flavor and exceptional nutritional value. Citrus fruits are rich in vitamin C, flavonoids, essential oils, and antioxidants that support immune health, improve skin condition, reduce inflammation, and help protect the cardiovascular system.

Originating from Southeast Asia, citrus trees have adapted to subtropical and Mediterranean climates.

They grow as multi-year evergreen trees with dense canopies, shallow fibrous root systems, and distinct seasonal cycles of vegetative growth, flowering, and fruit development.

Their aromatic blossoms and high-value fruits make citrus one of the most important global orchard crops.

Soil

Citrus thrives in well-drained sandy-loam or loam soils with moderate fertility and high aeration. The optimal pH is between 6.0–7.5

Irrigation

Drip irrigation is preferred to maintain uniform moisture and support continuous growth and fruit enlargement

Temperature

Optimal temperatures range from 20°C to 30°C

Light

Full sunlight is essential for proper flowering, fruit size, sugar accumulation, and peel color development

Global Production

Citrus Articles